大学生兼职法律问题探析

大学生兼职已成为普遍现象,但在兼职的过程中其权益经常被损害。只有进一步完善相关法律制度,公权部门加强联动,用人单位增强社会责任意识,学校加大教育引导力度,学生提高自我保护意识等多管齐下,才能更好地保障兼职大学生的合法权益。     

大理湿地特点与管理对策

根据大理湿地的现状和特点，针对湿地保护和管理中存在的问题，提出了积极有效的保护对策和管理措施。     

环保包装及环保包装的设计

在当今社会,包装扮演着越来越重要的角色.本文从实际出发,阐述了环保包装的重要性,环保包装是未来包装行业的发展趋势.文章从包装材料、设计等方面进一步阐明了环保包装的设计理念、设计方法,并且明确了作为设计师的职责及作为社会公民应具有环保意识.环保的设计理念必将成为未来包装行业的核心理念,环保、绿色包装是时代发展的必然要求.     

野生新种小叶黄果枸杞保护效果及开发前景

通过对野生新种小叶黄果枸杞5年的围封保育措施,发现小叶黄果枸杞的平均密度、相对密度、相对盖度和相对高度表现较好,说明小叶黄果枸杞的生境受到了较好的保护。同时提出了开发前景及建议。     

Soil protection for a sustainable future: options for a soil monitoring network for Ireland

The increased recognition of the importance of soil is reflected in the UN Post‐2015 Development Agenda with sustainable development goals that directly and indirectly relate to soil quality and protection. Despite a lack of legally binding legislation for soil protection, the European Commission remains committed to the objective of soil protection. However, the achievement of a legally binding framework for soil protection relies on the implementation of a soil monitoring network (SMN) that can detect changes to soil quality over time. As beneficiaries do not pay for the provision of soil information, the options for soil monitoring are limited. The use of existing data sets should be considered first. Using Ireland as an example, this research explored the opportunities for a SMN for Ireland considering three existing national data sets. The options for a SMN are considered in terms of their spatial and stratified distribution, the parameters to be measured and an economic analysis of the options proposed. This research finds that for Ireland, either a 10 or a 16 km² grid interval stratified by land use and drainage class offers the best potential in relation to the spatial distribution of existing data sets to reflect local data at a national level. With existing data, the stratified SIS data using the 16 km² grid offers the best value for money, with baseline costs for analysis, excluding field costs, of between €706 481 and €2.8 million. Acknowledging the impossibility of measuring all parameters with ideal frequency, this study proposes a two‐tier system for optimized monitoring frequency. Parameters must anticipate future policy requirements. Finally, the implementation of a SMN must be accompanied by standardized methods, defined thresholds and action mandates to maintain soil quality within allowable limits.     

湖南省饭豆地方种质资源遗传多样性的RAPD和ISSR分析

为揭示湖南省饭豆地方品种的遗传多样性,促进种质资源的有效保护和利用。本研究利用RAPD和ISSR标记分析了源于湖南省各地36份古老饭豆地方品种的遗传多样性,并采用UPGMA方法进行了遗传聚类分析。结果表明：12个RAPD引物和4个ISSR引物在供试材料中共扩增产生81条带型清晰的条带,平均每个引物扩增产生5.06个条带;其中59个为多态性条带,占总扩增条带的72.84%,具有多态性引物的PIC值在0.397~0.968之间;通过UPGMA法进行聚类分析表明供试材料的遗传相似系数在0.605~0.877之间,供试材料被分为4大类,且聚类结果表现明显的地域特征。本研究结果可为本省饭豆种质资源保护和育种研究提供理论依据。     

Role of PERK pathway in morphine-induced myocardial protection of H9c2 cells

AIM: To explore whether morphine protects oxidative stress-damaged myocardial cells by inhibiting the PERK pathway to reduce endoplasmic reticulum stress and prevent mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening. METHODS: Rat myocardial H9c2 cells were cultured to establish an oxidative stress model, and then randomly divided into control group, H₂O₂ group, H₂O₂+morphine group, H₂O₂+morphine+PERK pathway inhibitor GSK2656157 group, morphine group and GSK2656157 group. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the effects of morphine on expression of glucose-regulated protein (GRP) 78 and GRP94 induced by oxidative stress. The protein levels of PERK signaling pathway-related molecules were determined by Western blot. Confocal microscopy was used to observe the effects of morphine on mPTP opening and endoplasmic reticulum induced by oxidative stress. Cellular toxicity was detected by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) kit and cell viability was measured by MTT assay. RESULTS: Compared with control group, GRP78 and GRP94 proteins in H₂O₂ group were strongly expressed, and the brown-yellow particles were significantly increased, but morphine significantly inhibited this process. Compared with control group, the phosphorylation of PERK was significantly reduced with GSK2656157 treatment at different concentrations, among which 2 μmol/L had the most significant effect (P < 0.05). Oxidative stress significantly increased the protein levels of GRP78, GRP94, p-PERK and CHOP, but significantly decreased p-GSK-3β level. These changes were inhibited by morphine, and the effects of morphine were further enhanced by GSK2656157 (P < 0.05). Compared with control group, oxidative stress significantly reduced the fluorescence intensity of mitochondrial TMRE and ER-Tracker Red. Morphine significantly inhibited this effect even when mitochondrial membrane potential was reduced, mPTP was open, and endoplasmic reticulum was damaged, while GSK2656157 further enhanced the effect of morphine (P < 0.05). Compared with control group, H₂O₂ significantly increased cellular toxicity and decreased the cell viability. Morphine inhibited this effect and GSK2656157 significantly enhanced the effect of morphine (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Morphine protects cardiac H9c2 cells under oxidative condition by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress through PERK pathway and preventing the mPTP opening via GSK-3β inactivation.     

我国名人故居保护与利用的回顾与展望

指出了名人故居保护与利用是当前我国历史文化建筑保护的重要内容,通过对我国名人故居研究现况和保护阶段的梳理,从特征内涵、保护传承和开发利用3个方面归纳了我国现有名人故居保护的基本内容与特点。以此为基础,探讨了对名人故居保护利用研究的趋势与展望。     

汉中市南郑区林地保护利用现状及对策

对汉中市南郑区林地保护利用现状及存在问题进行了分析、评价,提出加强林地保护管理,集约利用和优化配置林地资源,满足林业可持续发展,提高林地保护利用的措施及对策。     

基于BP神经网络模型的桂西资源富集区土地生态安全评价

【目的】科学客观地进行土地生态安全评价,提出可行有效的土地生态系统优化对策,为桂西资源富集区土地生态安全的维护及未来发展提供参考。【方法】基于BP神经网络方法构建土地生态安全评价模型,通过分析影响土地生态系统的自然、经济、社会3个主导因素,建立桂西资源富集区土地生态安全评价指标系统,对2008—2017年桂西资源富集区土地生态安全程度进行评价。【结果】桂西资源富集区2008—2017年土地生态安全程度均属于一般安全状态,且由一般安全状态逐步接近较安全状态;其中百色市、河池市、崇左市分别在不同因素下的土地生态安全程度存在较大差异,且差异在逐年增大。【结论】为了避免桂西资源富集区土地生态安全系统存在发展失衡的倾向,建议桂西资源富集区政府优化营商环境,坚持"绿水青山就是金山银山";制定合理的耕地保护政策,缓解人地矛盾关系。